WEBVTT 00:00:00.020 --> 00:00:04.500 Hello and welcome to Python Bytes, where we deliver Python news and headlines directly to your earbuds. 00:00:04.920 --> 00:00:08.960 This is episode 443, recorded August 4th, 2025. 00:00:09.700 --> 00:00:10.540 And I'm Brian Okken. 00:00:10.760 --> 00:00:11.420 And I'm Michael Kennedy. 00:00:11.860 --> 00:00:17.280 And you can reach us on the socials on Bluesky or Mastodon. 00:00:17.740 --> 00:00:23.040 Check out the show notes or the website, pythonbytes.fm, to find all those links. 00:00:23.460 --> 00:00:29.680 And if you'd like to watch us live, you can check out pythonbytes.fm/live. 00:00:30.060 --> 00:00:32.920 and it's usually Mondays at 10 a.m. Pacific time. 00:00:33.360 --> 00:00:38.720 But you can go there for all the older, to link to the YouTube channel to get all the older episodes as well. 00:00:39.719 --> 00:00:48.040 And this episode is sponsored by you guys, by the offerings that both Michael and I have. 00:00:48.420 --> 00:00:53.920 And you're supporting us through that really helps us going to getting courses, buying books. 00:00:54.520 --> 00:00:55.180 That's pretty much it. 00:00:55.440 --> 00:00:56.140 Also Patreon. 00:00:56.480 --> 00:00:57.400 So thanks Patreon people. 00:00:57.700 --> 00:00:58.280 Let's kick it off. 00:00:58.540 --> 00:00:58.960 What you got, Michael? 00:00:59.040 --> 00:01:04.199 I have something sent in from Owen Lamont. 00:01:04.280 --> 00:01:06.020 And so, Owen, thank you for sending this in. 00:01:06.880 --> 00:01:15.520 I believe we've talked about Markdown formatting stuff before, but I want to look at this one because it's got some rough vibes. 00:01:15.960 --> 00:01:18.580 R-U-F-F, not R-O-U-G-H. 00:01:19.580 --> 00:01:25.300 Rough vibes in that it's a formatter written in Rust, seems insanely fast. 00:01:25.780 --> 00:01:33.480 And even though it's a general purpose thing and it's written in Rust, it has special love for the Python people. 00:01:33.820 --> 00:01:39.540 So there's a PyPI wrapper, basically a wheel that wraps up the commands going to it. 00:01:39.760 --> 00:01:45.260 So you can pip install it, uv pip install it, more importantly, uv tool install. 00:01:45.600 --> 00:01:49.740 It also has a pre-commit hook and pyproject.toml support. 00:01:50.020 --> 00:01:50.520 Pretty neat, right? 00:01:50.520 --> 00:01:51.000 Very cool, yeah. 00:01:51.380 --> 00:01:53.420 I just ran it on a project I'm working on. 00:01:53.580 --> 00:01:55.240 And apparently, what did it say? 00:01:55.310 --> 00:01:55.900 How many errors? 00:01:56.420 --> 00:02:03.140 14, 14 errors I found in my, and it will fix them in the similar way if you do a --fix, I believe. 00:02:03.600 --> 00:02:04.480 So that's pretty cool. 00:02:04.640 --> 00:02:07.380 High performance markdown formatter. 00:02:07.780 --> 00:02:12.520 So you can install it in lots of ways, but I would just uv tool install it. 00:02:12.780 --> 00:02:16.960 It has 54 linting rules, which are apparently common markdown issues. 00:02:18.100 --> 00:02:23.140 Like if I have a heading, there should be a line break between the heading and the content of that section. 00:02:23.500 --> 00:02:26.480 You can fix most of them with --fix, like I said, which is beautiful. 00:02:27.060 --> 00:02:28.380 No dependencies, single binary. 00:02:29.140 --> 00:02:37.580 Highly configurable, which is great because a lot of the warnings I get when I run it are this line length of 102 exceeds the 80 character limit. 00:02:37.910 --> 00:02:44.540 I don't know, like when do people, when do we move on from the 80 character limit in like things, Python and other? 00:02:45.180 --> 00:02:47.820 I have a 4K monitor, 32 inch 4K monitor. 00:02:47.900 --> 00:02:54.720 If I put stuff in 32 or 80 columns, it's like on the left and the 80 columns is like, well, that's the default size of a terminal. 00:02:54.860 --> 00:02:57.420 Like, okay, is that where most of our markdown is done? 00:02:57.800 --> 00:02:59.640 Probably not, but I don't know. 00:03:00.760 --> 00:03:02.320 I'd say make it long and let it wrap. 00:03:02.520 --> 00:03:07.400 The reason I don't like that rule, particularly for markdown is I use type-ora, which I love. 00:03:07.720 --> 00:03:13.640 But type-ora, it keeps a little more of the formatting visually there. 00:03:13.700 --> 00:03:22.020 So even if I was to like do the markdown and render it to a webpage or to a PDF, the line breaks would disappear 'cause you have to have two line breaks, right? 00:03:22.020 --> 00:03:22.860 Like a blank line. 00:03:23.100 --> 00:03:25.140 But in Typeora, while you're editing it, you see them. 00:03:25.580 --> 00:03:27.180 And so you would see like chunks. 00:03:27.560 --> 00:03:30.820 So if I make my editor wider, it like stops going. 00:03:31.540 --> 00:03:39.120 If I make it skinnier though, then it like has like weird half line breaks because it's wrapping the 80 lines to like 60 and then there's 20 more. 00:03:39.340 --> 00:03:41.620 And like, it's just, I hate that rule. 00:03:42.020 --> 00:03:43.660 So why am I ranting so much? 00:03:44.020 --> 00:03:45.220 Well, because I rant apparently. 00:03:45.780 --> 00:03:47.520 But it's also super configurable. 00:03:47.620 --> 00:03:50.460 So you can go to a Tommel file down here. 00:03:51.100 --> 00:03:54.860 And once you find it in here, it has a bunch of examples. 00:03:55.310 --> 00:03:56.900 I think up at the top here, there. 00:03:57.800 --> 00:03:59.780 And you can go in here and it gives you examples. 00:04:00.040 --> 00:04:02.900 Like I can say disable rule MD013. 00:04:03.110 --> 00:04:05.060 Or in my case, yes, that's the one. 00:04:06.060 --> 00:04:06.780 Of course it's 13. 00:04:07.030 --> 00:04:07.500 It's unlucky. 00:04:07.750 --> 00:04:09.120 But you can also configure the rules. 00:04:09.300 --> 00:04:11.700 Like say rule seven is about indentation. 00:04:12.090 --> 00:04:15.040 How many characters, how many spaces do you want to indent by? 00:04:15.520 --> 00:04:16.859 Or different things, right? 00:04:17.060 --> 00:04:24.060 Don't apply the line length considerations to code blocks or tables, but override the line length to be 100. 00:04:24.460 --> 00:04:25.240 Again, I'm turning that off. 00:04:25.360 --> 00:04:27.980 But still, I guess I could set it to infinity. 00:04:29.200 --> 00:04:29.940 That would be fine. 00:04:30.580 --> 00:04:31.420 But isn't this cool? 00:04:31.700 --> 00:04:32.600 Yeah, it is really cool. 00:04:33.220 --> 00:04:36.200 I want to jump on the line length bandwagon a little bit here, though. 00:04:36.320 --> 00:04:36.700 Let's do it. 00:04:38.020 --> 00:04:38.820 I agree. 00:04:39.040 --> 00:04:40.200 I'm glad this is configurable. 00:04:40.540 --> 00:04:46.340 Because in writing a book or something or a tutorial, I'm going to have long paragraphs. 00:04:46.860 --> 00:04:51.200 And I'd rather have those just wrap, and I don't want to limit my line length. 00:04:51.240 --> 00:04:54.160 So I would turn that off if I'm writing long form stuff. 00:04:54.480 --> 00:04:57.300 Yeah, I'm thinking my blog posts and things like that, right? 00:04:57.360 --> 00:04:58.020 Which are all marked down. 00:04:58.180 --> 00:05:10.580 But for the markdown in a project, even if it's a documentation project in maybe, I guess, I can see it for readmes or something or things that are changing a lot because you're doing diffs more. 00:05:11.040 --> 00:05:14.780 You do have to be aware of the diffs. 00:05:14.960 --> 00:05:18.320 But I think diff tools deal with word wrap fine now. 00:05:18.660 --> 00:05:19.900 So anyway, I don't know. 00:05:20.020 --> 00:05:20.980 Yeah, that's a fair issue. 00:05:21.260 --> 00:05:21.520 Fair point. 00:05:22.300 --> 00:05:25.200 But if you got long form writing, it doesn't make sense. 00:05:25.540 --> 00:05:26.580 Yeah, it doesn't make sense at all. 00:05:26.860 --> 00:05:27.680 Yeah, that's weird. 00:05:27.760 --> 00:05:30.040 It's not like in Word or Google Docs. 00:05:30.160 --> 00:05:31.460 Like, where do you want to break your lines? 00:05:31.560 --> 00:05:33.420 Like, no, I want it to just go across the page. 00:05:33.520 --> 00:05:34.480 Can we just let me write? 00:05:35.180 --> 00:05:35.380 Yeah. 00:05:36.280 --> 00:05:36.400 All right. 00:05:36.780 --> 00:05:37.620 But it's super cool. 00:05:37.880 --> 00:05:40.260 You can, like I said, uv tool install it. 00:05:40.420 --> 00:05:42.000 It even has instructions for uv. 00:05:42.480 --> 00:05:44.600 Or you can use uvtool run. 00:05:45.040 --> 00:05:48.640 And so you could run it without even actually installing it just to test out how it might go. 00:05:48.920 --> 00:05:49.120 Yeah. 00:05:49.450 --> 00:05:53.700 So what's the big, do you know what the biggest mistake is you usually make for Markdown? 00:05:54.140 --> 00:05:56.200 I haven't done enough messing with it yet, 00:05:56.400 --> 00:05:58.000 but I can report back to you. 00:05:58.260 --> 00:05:58.400 Okay. 00:05:59.080 --> 00:06:08.320 Mine, I haven't even used the tool yet, but I'm looking forward to trying it because the thing that always trips me up is a space before unordered list. 00:06:08.740 --> 00:06:16.760 So if you write a sentence with a colon and then you do a new line, and then you start like, you know, do the asterisks or dash or something like that and start a list. 00:06:17.740 --> 00:06:27.080 Some tools will automatically understand that you intended it to be a list, and some of them don't, and you just get a bunch of asterisks in a paragraph. 00:06:27.780 --> 00:06:30.360 So, yeah, I need something to fix that for me. 00:06:30.520 --> 00:06:30.800 Definitely. 00:06:32.200 --> 00:06:32.520 All right. 00:06:33.420 --> 00:06:34.520 On to the next topic. 00:06:35.560 --> 00:06:44.920 We are, I want to talk about coverage because Ned Batchelder released, This is a blog post from the end of July, July 24th. 00:06:45.160 --> 00:06:47.960 Coverage 7.10.0 with patch. 00:06:48.360 --> 00:06:54.220 So we're actually up to 7.10.2 now, but it's the patch that's like the super cool news. 00:06:55.240 --> 00:06:59.920 And I just read about this, and I am like really excited about it. 00:07:00.360 --> 00:07:03.460 So one of the things, it adds three things. 00:07:03.640 --> 00:07:14.280 So if we go to the changelog, It's adding patch subprocess, patch execv, and patch exit or underscore exit or something. 00:07:14.780 --> 00:07:17.480 And I'll do the weird ones first. 00:07:17.770 --> 00:07:19.900 I don't really see execv around. 00:07:20.460 --> 00:07:32.480 But the issue with execv and exit is that that's a way, like something happens and your stuff gets torn down before coverage has a chance to write its stuff. 00:07:32.570 --> 00:07:34.100 It just like processes stop. 00:07:34.940 --> 00:07:36.580 And that's not cool. 00:07:36.660 --> 00:07:39.220 But with this, you can fix that. 00:07:39.600 --> 00:07:41.620 And there have been workarounds for these other things. 00:07:42.540 --> 00:07:44.460 And so that's not really the big news. 00:07:44.560 --> 00:07:45.900 The big news, I think, is subprocess. 00:07:46.440 --> 00:07:57.340 Because there were ways to, if you're trying to run coverage on a project that has subprocesses, you have to have some way to cover all of those processes and then combine them later. 00:07:57.780 --> 00:08:00.180 And there were ways to deal with it, but it was a little clunky. 00:08:00.640 --> 00:08:04.520 Now, we've got a way to do it built in. 00:08:04.680 --> 00:08:08.220 You just say patch equals subprocess and coverage does it for you. 00:08:09.000 --> 00:08:09.680 How cool is that? 00:08:09.940 --> 00:08:10.940 And multiprocessing. 00:08:11.120 --> 00:08:13.640 It'll count multiprocessing execution for coverage. 00:08:14.780 --> 00:08:15.520 That's, yes. 00:08:15.860 --> 00:08:16.940 Thank you, thank you, thank you, Ned. 00:08:17.840 --> 00:08:19.380 So I'm really excited about this. 00:08:19.550 --> 00:08:20.020 It's pretty cool. 00:08:20.540 --> 00:08:21.600 Anyway, that's it, really. 00:08:22.220 --> 00:08:22.380 Awesome. 00:08:22.530 --> 00:08:23.880 Yeah, it's a really good one. 00:08:24.140 --> 00:08:24.620 Short and sweet. 00:08:25.540 --> 00:08:28.400 This one comes to us from Pat Decker, I believe. 00:08:28.780 --> 00:08:31.460 I hope I'm remembering that right because I forgot to write it down. 00:08:31.680 --> 00:08:32.820 So someone else sent it in. 00:08:33.000 --> 00:08:33.360 I apologize. 00:08:33.620 --> 00:08:37.820 I'm pretty sure it's Pat sent this over and it's AIO Bodo 3. 00:08:38.479 --> 00:08:47.100 So Bodo 3 is the Python package to talk to things like S3 and other stuff in Amazon. 00:08:47.580 --> 00:08:47.760 Okay. 00:08:47.760 --> 00:08:48.120 And AWS. 00:08:48.720 --> 00:08:49.660 Don't get me started on Bodo 3. 00:08:50.040 --> 00:08:52.840 It's a bit of a insane package the way it's created. 00:08:53.340 --> 00:09:04.220 But what I want to talk about is AIO Boto3, which is a wrapper on top of Boto3 resources that leverages the AIO Boto core async backend. 00:09:04.500 --> 00:09:06.080 So what's going on from here? 00:09:06.260 --> 00:09:20.140 It's a package by Terry Kane, and she created, I think, to basically make higher level operations, which you would use from the Boto3 level instead of the Boto core, which is more low level detailed interaction with AWS. 00:09:20.200 --> 00:10:06.460 us. But there was an async low-level one, but not an async high-level one. And so now there's an async high-level one. So for example, do you want to work with S3 contents asynchronously? Well, here you go. So you can do things like create a session and then say async with, go to a resource for S3, then await getting a bucket, and then loop over asynchronously with an async for across all the items in that bucket. So if you want to do a bunch of S3 type of work or DynamoDB or Kinesis, whatever, then you want to do that asynchronously. Well, here you go. Also, she has an example of working with a DynamoDB table and reading and writing objects into it, which is pretty sweet. 00:10:07.080 --> 00:10:13.660 What's Kinesis? What is Kinesis? Good question. Is that an AWS thing? Yeah, looking that up. 00:10:13.760 --> 00:10:15.540 this. That's not how you spell it, but 00:10:15.860 --> 00:10:17.540 luckily. I just thought it was keyboard. 00:10:17.600 --> 00:10:23.700 It's a family of services provided by AWS for processing and analyzing real-time streaming data at a large scale. 00:10:23.760 --> 00:10:26.300 I'm glad you asked, because this is what I've been working for a long time around. 00:10:27.800 --> 00:10:28.880 Okay. Sorry. No. 00:10:29.700 --> 00:10:33.360 Apparently, like, data streaming, data lake, data processing, analytics. 00:10:33.570 --> 00:10:35.500 Okay. Got it. Cool. That's it. 00:10:35.520 --> 00:10:40.860 That's all I got to say about it, but if you're basically if you're using Boto3 and you want to do async, AIO Boto3. 00:10:41.520 --> 00:10:46.680 Alright. Well, I Sorry for the distraction, but I wanted to... 00:10:46.680 --> 00:10:48.280 Anyway, I have a Kinesis keyboard. 00:10:48.580 --> 00:10:49.260 That's why I'm like, what? 00:10:49.780 --> 00:10:50.620 Yes, you do, don't you? 00:10:51.920 --> 00:10:52.800 Tell people what it like. 00:10:52.960 --> 00:10:54.880 Here, put one up on the screen. 00:10:56.040 --> 00:10:57.480 Yeah, I was trying to look for one. 00:10:57.780 --> 00:10:59.100 Kinesis keyboard images. 00:10:59.660 --> 00:11:00.180 Oh, here we go. 00:11:00.720 --> 00:11:02.080 Did you find one? 00:11:02.440 --> 00:11:02.520 No. 00:11:02.640 --> 00:11:02.780 No. 00:11:03.940 --> 00:11:04.220 There we go. 00:11:04.260 --> 00:11:04.680 They are wild. 00:11:04.800 --> 00:11:05.600 I had one for a while. 00:11:05.660 --> 00:11:07.080 I'm like, I'm not sure I can do this. 00:11:07.680 --> 00:11:08.360 Oh, I love it. 00:11:08.560 --> 00:11:10.800 So I just did the image search. 00:11:11.320 --> 00:11:17.840 um yeah they're split like this uh and it's in there and also your your keys are in little 00:11:18.240 --> 00:11:37.240 little divots yeah like maybe if i could describe it for people ryan like imagine you took an orange you cut the orange in half you took out the orange fleshy bit and you lined the inside of the orange peel with keys that's what typing on is like you type into like these round holes okay but i would 00:11:37.220 --> 00:11:47.640 say like coconuts maybe because it's bigger but we're like a coconut where you just work with like the lower third and the top third yeah but one of the things that's cool about these is they're in 00:11:47.720 --> 00:11:52.440 uh do you remember the men in black movie oh yeah yeah they're well i did till they flashed me but 00:11:52.520 --> 00:11:59.740 you know well the men in black movie had um if you the office scene in the first first uh one 00:12:00.140 --> 00:12:07.180 um everybody's weren't using kinesis it's pretty cool were they okay how awesome all right um i i'm 00:12:07.200 --> 00:12:11.240 I wasn't going to talk about keyboards, but what am I talking about? 00:12:11.460 --> 00:12:14.600 I'm going to talk about You Might Not Need a Python Class by Adam Grant. 00:12:15.120 --> 00:12:30.060 So I think we've probably talked about this before, but it's worth reminding people because there's a lot of people that come in to Python from other languages and classes are used a lot in other languages and you don't really have to use them here so much. 00:12:30.300 --> 00:12:32.640 So I'm just going to run through some of the options. 00:12:32.920 --> 00:12:38.820 One is for simple data containers, think about named tuples, which are great, or data classes. 00:12:39.700 --> 00:12:43.620 Actually, probably data class first, and then if it's not quite right, named tuple. 00:12:44.020 --> 00:12:48.280 But here's an example of somebody doing a custom class with point. 00:12:48.350 --> 00:12:52.420 And also, the intending is wrong here, Adam, but oh well. 00:12:53.339 --> 00:12:58.060 Anyway, examples of how to use that with a named tuple or just a data class. 00:12:58.350 --> 00:13:00.220 So it works pretty good. 00:13:00.220 --> 00:13:01.840 You don't usually have to create your own classes. 00:13:02.360 --> 00:13:04.080 - All right, I don't really see that. 00:13:04.360 --> 00:13:12.140 - Also, if you're creating a class with a static variable, there's a really good chance that should just be a module level variable. 00:13:12.360 --> 00:13:17.400 Like modules themselves often can behave in the same way that people do classes. 00:13:17.420 --> 00:13:20.120 Like I wanna group the functions together and have some shared data. 00:13:20.660 --> 00:13:21.240 - That's a module. 00:13:21.660 --> 00:13:22.880 - Exactly, exactly. 00:13:23.440 --> 00:14:25.500 - Yeah, so that's one thing that's not in this, but one of the things I've taught people for a long time is if you think you need a singleton pattern in python it's just a module just do a module 100 and there isn't any really and if you're afraid of global data in python it's not really global it's just global to the yes it's accessible to anything but it's just module global it's not a big not a big deal anyway uh examples with points uh but there's some surprising stuff in here uh stateless utility functions just use functions and here's a yeah this is somebody that must have came from if you if you if everything's just that like you said if everything's a static method then it doesn't need to be there just make it a function um grouping constants also use modules um well there's also enums that you can do but uh but anyway um yeah if you're just having some constants and you're trying to group them together just put them in a module um for some reason this freaks people out sometimes and i think it's just the people that are new to python but yeah i think 00:14:25.620 --> 00:14:29.460 I mean, I came from C-sharp, which had a lot of class, very much. 00:14:29.530 --> 00:14:31.800 Like, everything had to be in a class at the time when I was doing it. 00:14:31.850 --> 00:14:32.900 Like, literally everything. 00:14:33.300 --> 00:14:36.000 So I was very much in that space, but I've moved on. 00:14:36.120 --> 00:14:38.860 Also, on the constants, I agree. 00:14:39.360 --> 00:14:42.400 But maybe throw in a typing final of type. 00:14:42.550 --> 00:14:44.080 So they've got, like, a host and a port. 00:14:44.220 --> 00:14:48.080 You could have a typing.final bracket str and a typing.final bracket int. 00:14:48.320 --> 00:14:48.840 Oh, yeah. 00:14:49.220 --> 00:14:52.460 Yeah, so then at least the editors and stuff go, yeah, like, don't edit this. 00:14:52.760 --> 00:14:53.560 Don't edit it, yeah. 00:14:53.760 --> 00:14:57.540 unless you're meant to but the way they say the word constant that probably means not so much 00:14:57.720 --> 00:15:02.220 changing yeah but also having it in a class and it stopped people from changing it either 00:15:02.770 --> 00:15:08.320 no at least you get a warning yeah tells you you're bad if you want to be bad uh managing state with 00:15:08.490 --> 00:16:37.420 uh simple structures use dictionaries or lists definitely um what the a lot of this the gist is python is a lot of built-in stuff that you can just you know learn how to use dictionaries and lists well. It'll take care of a lot of stuff. This one is surprising to me. Simple one-off operations. Use lambdas or comprehensions. I mean, sure, the example works for a lambda and comprehension, but also you could just use a function. If you're going to grab a lambda, you could just write a function. Yeah, lambdas are great. Avoiding complexity. Use built-in libraries. Don't reinvent the wheel. There's probably something that is an example with config parser or json they usually they they can do a lot um yeah uh and then this is this is i'm glad we tie into your first uh first topic when you actually need a class well there's a bulleted list but they didn't do a new line so it i'm pretty sure it was a markdown that didn't get converted correctly so um yeah anyway uh and i'd like to add what are my additions if you think you need a class, you probably don't. If you really do think you do ask a friend because friends don't let friends create extraneous classes in Python. And then if you think you're the exception, it probably isn't an exception. But, and then finally, I'd like to say, if you, if you think you need data classes, but data classes aren't quite cutting it for you, check out attrs. Adders 00:16:37.420 --> 00:16:47.860 is still around and attrs is awesome. So yeah. Or pydantic. Yeah. Or pydantic. Yeah. When the when you actually need a class yeah i'm i agree with this i like it yeah well so what did 00:16:47.860 --> 00:17:08.500 he say he said um uh you if you need to encapsulate state or behavior yes but also uh you can use a data class or a module yeah um you if your objects have clear behavior method behavior slash methods associated with their data and you're modeling complex hierarchical stretch structures yeah i'm 00:17:08.520 --> 00:17:09.240 I'm thinking the middle one. 00:17:09.339 --> 00:17:18.760 If you have data that is tied to an instance of the class, you need to have multiple ones of those and the methods operate on that particular data. 00:17:19.240 --> 00:17:20.680 I mean, that's when you need it, right? 00:17:20.800 --> 00:17:23.680 Not for all the other jumps and hoops people used to use it for. 00:17:23.920 --> 00:17:34.160 And as far as inheritance hierarchies go, since I've been using Python, I have multiple times created class hierarchies and then regretted it. 00:17:34.480 --> 00:17:40.120 I don't think I have any that were legitimate reasons to use a class hierarchy. 00:17:40.980 --> 00:17:56.280 But also, after using Python so much, I don't create class hierarchies in C++ much anymore either because I like using containment instead of inheritance, I think is a cleaner model. 00:17:56.580 --> 00:17:57.360 So anyway. 00:17:57.640 --> 00:18:00.020 Yeah, composition over inheritance indeed. 00:18:00.580 --> 00:18:00.940 That's it. 00:18:01.020 --> 00:18:01.700 It's a long way. 00:18:02.000 --> 00:18:02.280 All right. 00:18:02.640 --> 00:18:03.440 Those are our topics. 00:18:03.980 --> 00:18:05.400 Do you have any extras? 00:18:06.600 --> 00:18:08.020 I have at least one extra. 00:18:08.320 --> 00:18:09.380 Let's see what I can do about that. 00:18:10.120 --> 00:18:18.540 So this Thursday, as in three days from now, eight o'clock Pacific time, I will be doing a live webcast 00:18:19.200 --> 00:18:21.280 with Will Vincent from PyCharm. 00:18:21.600 --> 00:18:26.820 Yeah, so we're talking about basically uv, what is uv, all the way that you can apply to your projects. 00:18:27.300 --> 00:18:28.260 Should be a lot of fun. 00:18:28.520 --> 00:18:29.620 I'm really looking forward to it. 00:18:29.930 --> 00:18:31.440 I wasn't entirely sure what we were going to cover. 00:18:31.880 --> 00:18:33.000 Will and I talked about it today. 00:18:33.220 --> 00:18:34.100 I have a bunch of great ideas. 00:18:34.400 --> 00:18:34.600 Cool. 00:18:34.900 --> 00:18:40.720 So if you want to see uv in action, we talked about that post from Armin Roeneker, I don't know, a few months ago or whatever. 00:18:41.240 --> 00:18:42.520 Why are you not using UV? 00:18:43.120 --> 00:18:44.100 If you're not, why? 00:18:44.440 --> 00:18:45.320 A lot of people are like, what's UV? 00:18:45.620 --> 00:18:47.780 Or it's too hard to move from, or it doesn't, whatever. 00:18:48.180 --> 00:18:50.240 We'll kind of address all that kind of stuff. 00:18:50.500 --> 00:18:54.760 Plus, maybe some fun Docker things, some performance things, all over the place. 00:18:55.180 --> 00:18:55.380 Awesome. 00:18:56.040 --> 00:18:56.100 Yep. 00:18:56.360 --> 00:18:58.120 I have a couple extras. 00:18:58.980 --> 00:18:59.440 All right. 00:18:59.920 --> 00:19:04.940 So first off, this was sent to us by listener John Hagan. 00:19:06.230 --> 00:19:10.400 The PyPI blog has an incident report about a phishing attack. 00:19:10.840 --> 00:19:14.840 So apparently there was some targeted phishing emails. 00:19:16.360 --> 00:19:29.940 There were some, and I didn't read this that closely, but it's creepy because it was a phishing attack that involved a fake PyPI that had like a phishing domain that was in the middle. 00:19:30.280 --> 00:19:39.080 So if somebody clicked on the link, it all behaved just like PyPI, but there was somebody in the middle capturing stuff. 00:19:40.160 --> 00:19:41.220 That's really creepy. 00:19:42.100 --> 00:19:42.460 What was it? 00:19:42.460 --> 00:19:48.120 It involved, and it involved like the fact that in some fonts, INJ look identical. 00:19:49.260 --> 00:19:52.840 So it was a pypj.org domain. 00:19:54.120 --> 00:19:54.440 Yikes. 00:19:54.840 --> 00:19:57.440 Anyway, I just wanted to have people aware of that. 00:19:57.660 --> 00:20:01.160 It was apparently found and fixed relatively quickly. 00:20:01.580 --> 00:20:06.200 There were, I guess, four user accounts successfully phished. 00:20:07.160 --> 00:20:08.620 They're either disabled. 00:20:08.940 --> 00:20:12.820 So there's some recommendations, takeaways, calls to action. 00:20:13.420 --> 00:20:18.660 If you have a dormant PyPI account, so if you have a PyPI account you're not really using, consider removing it. 00:20:19.160 --> 00:20:21.780 You can always create another one if you need to later. 00:20:22.140 --> 00:20:28.060 If you have an older PyPI account and you're not using 2FA yet, please sign up for that. 00:20:28.290 --> 00:20:31.060 Even if you only pop in once a year, make it more secure. 00:20:31.390 --> 00:20:31.720 Be good. 00:20:33.000 --> 00:20:38.280 And use web often via browser hardware security or hardware security keys. 00:20:38.760 --> 00:20:39.020 Wow. 00:20:39.330 --> 00:20:39.860 I don't even know. 00:20:40.280 --> 00:20:41.600 Is that just web authentication? 00:20:41.950 --> 00:20:42.320 I don't know. 00:20:42.540 --> 00:20:43.220 I don't know what this is. 00:20:43.280 --> 00:20:45.540 I think it's like YubiKey type stuff. 00:20:45.900 --> 00:20:46.100 Okay. 00:20:46.400 --> 00:20:46.940 I don't do it though. 00:20:47.060 --> 00:20:47.820 So I don't know that well. 00:20:48.400 --> 00:20:49.700 I'm all about the 2FA. 00:20:50.220 --> 00:20:55.120 And I'm all about the 45 character password, but I'm not doing web often. 00:20:55.320 --> 00:20:56.240 45 characters? 00:20:56.660 --> 00:20:56.800 Wow. 00:20:57.400 --> 00:20:57.840 Or whatever. 00:20:58.140 --> 00:20:59.780 Like, I'm so frustrated. 00:20:59.980 --> 00:21:02.440 There's so many websites out there that you'll set. 00:21:02.620 --> 00:21:03.640 Like, I used to have a default. 00:21:03.700 --> 00:21:08.140 I think it maybe was 36 and one password for randomly generating a password. 00:21:08.140 --> 00:21:10.160 I'm like, that should pretty much stop it. 00:21:10.540 --> 00:21:11.140 You know what I mean? 00:21:11.680 --> 00:21:11.740 Yeah. 00:21:11.840 --> 00:21:12.080 Right? 00:21:13.000 --> 00:21:16.020 And God forbid there's like a moment or two where you've got to type it in. 00:21:16.840 --> 00:21:25.200 Like, for example, on Windows, If you get a new system, you got to log into your Microsoft account before you get into the system, the first boot or something. 00:21:25.640 --> 00:21:27.220 Like, oh, God, I got to type it. 00:21:27.990 --> 00:21:30.780 So you don't want it to be like, you know, paragraph. 00:21:31.060 --> 00:21:39.100 But so many websites go, no, your characters have to be, your passwords have to be less than 16 characters or less than 12 characters. 00:21:39.410 --> 00:21:41.940 I think my bank would limit it to like less than 10. 00:21:42.010 --> 00:21:44.000 I'm like, my bank, what is wrong with you people? 00:21:44.280 --> 00:21:49.500 if anybody should accept that, you know, a big password, but it's a tech support. 00:21:49.610 --> 00:21:54.320 They're like, well, somebody is going to say they're locked out of their account because somebody put a long password and they can't type it in or, you know, 00:21:54.780 --> 00:21:55.960 there's all these crappy reasons. 00:21:56.840 --> 00:22:10.360 What gets me is when people like passwords get, when they exclude common characters like colon or quote mark or like really your system is not able to handle colons and a password. 00:22:10.660 --> 00:22:11.920 That's just like insane. 00:22:12.340 --> 00:22:13.100 Anyway, or so. 00:22:13.100 --> 00:22:13.460 Yeah, I agree. 00:22:14.080 --> 00:22:14.660 Yeah, I agree. 00:22:15.040 --> 00:22:16.040 But anyway, okay. 00:22:16.420 --> 00:22:19.820 So phishing attack, I've got a couple other quick extras. 00:22:20.420 --> 00:22:26.360 I do have some, I'm not dedicated to the weekly testing code, but lately it's been weekly. 00:22:26.620 --> 00:22:31.540 So testing code, I got a couple, had an interview with Adam Johnson that was two topics. 00:22:31.730 --> 00:22:33.000 We split it into two episodes. 00:22:33.420 --> 00:22:34.220 Both are now available. 00:22:34.310 --> 00:22:36.240 We had pytest Django that we talked about. 00:22:36.920 --> 00:22:39.180 And then we talked about get tips for testing. 00:22:40.560 --> 00:22:49.140 And the top, especially some of the stuff on the get diff, get stash, and get bisect sections are pretty interesting. 00:22:49.520 --> 00:22:51.140 So some good stuff there. 00:22:51.340 --> 00:22:51.800 Yeah, very nice. 00:22:52.180 --> 00:22:53.100 And those are my extras. 00:22:54.120 --> 00:22:54.500 All right. 00:22:54.740 --> 00:22:55.220 Do you have a joke? 00:22:55.560 --> 00:22:55.980 I do. 00:22:56.300 --> 00:22:59.460 But this joke, you know how they say jokes are not funny if you've got to explain them. 00:22:59.720 --> 00:23:00.520 I'm going to explain this anyway. 00:23:01.320 --> 00:23:02.760 But not the joke itself. 00:23:03.080 --> 00:23:07.280 I'm going to explain the foundational information people need to know. 00:23:07.640 --> 00:23:12.920 So a lot of times people say these days, Brian, they say, Visual Studio, I'm using, like, what editor do you use? 00:23:12.920 --> 00:23:13.800 Oh, I use Visual Studio. 00:23:14.280 --> 00:23:15.440 They're not using Visual Studio. 00:23:15.560 --> 00:23:18.500 They're using something called Visual Studio Code or VS Code, right? 00:23:18.800 --> 00:23:18.880 Yeah. 00:23:19.140 --> 00:23:23.400 There is, there has been, since the 90s, an editor called Visual Studio. 00:23:24.060 --> 00:23:25.500 It is not Visual Studio Code. 00:23:25.560 --> 00:23:27.220 It is a beast of a beast. 00:23:27.320 --> 00:23:29.940 Like, it's like a five gig download. 00:23:30.700 --> 00:23:32.100 It manages Azure. 00:23:33.820 --> 00:23:34.760 It does database. 00:23:34.820 --> 00:23:37.460 It does team foundation server. 00:23:37.560 --> 00:23:38.760 It does like all this stuff. 00:23:38.860 --> 00:23:40.760 It's like a really heavyweight editor. 00:23:41.220 --> 00:23:47.660 And VS Code was basically created to make a lightweight little editor that is not Visual Studio proper, right? 00:23:48.000 --> 00:23:48.100 Yeah. 00:23:48.480 --> 00:23:53.780 All right, so I got to just set that because I know a lot of people, especially younger folks, Visual Studio is Visual Studio Code. 00:23:54.080 --> 00:23:55.640 But now are you ready for the joke? 00:23:56.040 --> 00:23:56.180 Yeah. 00:23:56.480 --> 00:23:57.080 All right, let's do it. 00:23:57.340 --> 00:23:59.620 So there's a nurse talking to a guy. 00:24:00.380 --> 00:24:03.680 Do you have any history of mental illness in your family? 00:24:04.040 --> 00:24:05.480 The guy looks over as well. 00:24:06.120 --> 00:24:10.100 My brother uses Visual Studio 2022 as a default text editor. 00:24:17.380 --> 00:24:17.980 Yeah, that's good. 00:24:18.290 --> 00:24:18.380 Yeah. 00:24:18.450 --> 00:24:19.080 It's pretty good, right? 00:24:19.480 --> 00:24:19.820 Pretty good. 00:24:20.060 --> 00:24:22.660 Because that thing is big and it's slow to start and it's like ridiculous. 00:24:25.080 --> 00:24:26.180 Default text file editor. 00:24:26.700 --> 00:24:26.760 Yeah. 00:24:27.120 --> 00:24:27.460 That's the joke. 00:24:27.640 --> 00:24:28.220 That's what I got you. 00:24:29.440 --> 00:25:02.780 So I haven't had to use Visual Studio for a while, but we did used to i was using it for compiling stuff and i i can't remember what the short code was for compiling it was like f7 or f11 or f2 one of the f keys was just to compile and so whenever anybody asked me or do you use visual studio i'm like just as a really big uh thing to hit f7 with um or whatever yeah yeah yeah yeah um so yeah and that it's true i would i would edit in way back in the day. 00:25:02.800 --> 00:25:18.900 It was before Visual Studio or VS Code. So I was probably editing it in Vim or Sublime or something like that. And then I'd have Visual Studio off to the side and I would just go over to it and hit the key to compile and then go back to my day. 00:25:21.240 --> 00:25:22.200 This is what it is. 00:25:22.820 --> 00:25:23.920 This is a good one. I like it. 00:25:24.980 --> 00:25:28.480 I do too. I used to use Visual Studio and I enjoyed it. I thought it did cool stuff. 00:25:28.680 --> 00:25:31.120 as a default text editor for just simple files. 00:25:31.190 --> 00:25:32.500 It is not what it was for. 00:25:32.880 --> 00:25:37.240 Yeah, I had people like composing their email in Visual Studio. 00:25:37.960 --> 00:25:38.580 Oh my gosh. 00:25:38.880 --> 00:25:40.440 Really? This is what you know? 00:25:40.730 --> 00:25:40.840 Okay. 00:25:41.540 --> 00:25:42.620 All right. Fair. 00:25:43.080 --> 00:25:45.780 Well, I mean, they probably do have a history of mental illness then. 00:25:46.560 --> 00:25:47.120 I think so. 00:25:47.880 --> 00:25:50.860 Then they open up Outlook and send it and you know for sure there's something going on there. 00:25:52.660 --> 00:25:53.100 Outlook. 00:25:54.640 --> 00:25:54.820 Exactly. 00:25:54.960 --> 00:26:01.400 The only thing on my desktop that if I hit Control-F, it doesn't find stuff. 00:26:01.450 --> 00:26:02.520 It forwards an email. 00:26:03.620 --> 00:26:04.100 Yeah, exactly. 00:26:06.220 --> 00:26:08.900 So, well, excellent episode again. 00:26:09.380 --> 00:26:09.740 Thanks, Michael. 00:26:10.180 --> 00:26:11.100 Thanks, everybody, for listening. 00:26:11.390 --> 00:26:11.720 You bet. 00:26:11.950 --> 00:26:12.300 See you later. 00:26:12.510 --> 00:26:12.840 Bye, everyone. 00:26:12.850 --> 00:26:13.000 Bye.